The first successful efforts to control the flow of water were made in Mesopotamia and Egypt, where the remains of the prehistoric irrigation works still exist. In ancient Egypt, the construction of canals was a major endeavor of … When we think of Egypt, we might think of pyramids, mummies, hieroglyphs, and maybe even King Tut or Cleopatra. The modern world is in debt to this great Nile Valley civilization for its contribution towards many of our basic agricultural innovations: cultivation techniques and irrigation technology and the horticultural arts. This was called basin irrigation. Egypt, surrounded by desert to the east, west, and south, and bordered by the Mediterranean in the north, receives little annual precipitation; the Nile therefore is the primary source of freshwater and the only source of water for agriculture. The ancient Egyptians based their farming around the annual flooding of the River Nile. Ancient Egyptians put a premium on cleanliness. The book sheds light on the most significant of the ancient Egyptians’ technological innovations, like “irrigation technology,” farming technology, tools that helped them make bread and other foods, construction technology, weapons, means that helped them write, medical technology, and others. A study of ancient Egyptian history underscores the origins of its agriculture and horticulture development. Great Egyptian cities were built because of this and the Nile was used for water as well as many other things like food, soil and to transport both the crops and Egyptian people. Ancient Rome built structures called aqueducts to carry water from snowmelt in the Alps to cities and towns in the valleys below. Here an NARRATOR: Lack of water has always been a major problem for farmers. In ancient Egypt, the construction of canals was a major endeavor of the pharaohs and their servants, beginning in Scorpio's time. Over the centuries a variety of tools and techniques have been devised to help irrigate the land. The first successful efforts to control the flow of water were made in Mesopotamia and Egypt, where the remains of the prehistoric irrigation works still exist. Agriculture in Ancient Egypt. Facts About Medicine In Ancient Egypt. As better techniques developed, societies in Egypt and China built irrigation canals, dams, dikes, and water storage facilities. Irrigation in Egypt is dependent upon the Nile River and has been systematically utilized since the predynastic era. This water was used for drinking, washing, and irrigation. They bathed and purified their bodies and shaved their body hair to ward off illness; They believed the human body comprised passages that worked like irrigation canals. Egyptian people had to learn to become experts in irrigation by taking water from the Nile and using to grow crops that could be sold. 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