The latter has been associated with the non-glycolytic function of PGAM1. J Exp Med. 2011;43(9):869–874. However, it remains unclear whether PGAM1 can promote cancer malignant behaviors through a non-metabolic pathway. Since PGAM1 was suggested as a potential therapeutic target for multiple cancer types, several PGAM1 inhibitors have been developed for cancer therapy.21,22,28,50–53 A summary of these inhibitors and their related functions are listed in Table 1. Phophoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of 3‐phosphoglycerate and 2‐phosphoglycerate during glycolysis. The gene coding for bisphosphoglycerate mutase from the human cDNA library was cloned Zimmerli C, Ribot C, Vavasseur A, Bauer H, Hedrich R, Poirier Y. J Exp Med. The integrated information in this review will help better understand the specific roles of PGAM1 in cancer progression. Stanford, CA: Stanford Unversity Press; 1987. pp. The Glycolytic Enzyme, Phosphoglycerate Mutase, Has Critical Roles in Stomatal Movement, Vegetative Growth, and Pollen Production in Arabidopsis Thaliana - PubMed. HHS Overview. This metabolism-independent role of PGAM1 in tumor invasion and metastasis has been verified through its association with ACTA2. J Mol Biol. Sasaki R, Hirose M, Sugimoto E, Chiba H. Studies on a role of the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate phosphatase activity in the yeast phosphoglycerate mutase reaction. 2004;279(34):35803–35812. 59. Glycolysis is an oxygen-independent metabolic pathway that converts glucose to ATP and combines ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions.9 The glycolytic pathway is the first step in glucose metabolism in all living cells, with multiple enzymes involved in the precise regulation of the pathway for the maintenance of homeostasis. Phosphoglycerate mutase, 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate phosphatase, creatine kinase and enolase activity and isoenzymes in breast carcinoma. NIH Front Plant Sci. Fothergill-Gilmore LA, Watson HC. 2013;4:1790. doi:10.1038/ncomms2759, 45. Epub 2011 Jun 2. Nature. Electrophoresis. Recent clinical data showed a correlation between PGAM1 and the clinical features and prognosis of cancer, suggesting that PGAM1 can be a novel potential therapeutic target. On respiratory impairment in cancer cells. Most normal cells generate energy through glycolysis under oxygen deficient conditions. doi:10.1038/onc.2016.446, 24. These xanthone derivatives showed stronger efficacy and better specificity than PGMI-004A in the inhibition of PGAM1, as well as an increased anti-proliferative effect in the H1299 cell line. It reacted specifically with lysine-100 (K100) in the PGAM1 active site and hydrolyzed in situ to produce acid products that decreased breast cancer cell proliferation.21,22 The anthraquinone derivative 3, also named PGMI-004A, is another small-molecule inhibitor of PGAM1 that inhibits the conversion of 3-PG to 2-PG in cancer cells, leading to significant inhibition of the glycolytic pathway, PPP flux and biosynthesis, subsequently decreasing cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth.28 However, this inhibitor has been reported to be ineffective for tumor invasion or metastasis.23 Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a natural product derived from green tea, was also identified as a PGAM1 inhibitor. Although PGAM1 is a potential target in cancer therapy, the specific mechanisms of action remain unknown. Ma YC, Li C, Gao F, et al. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2012.02.014, 3. View protein in InterPro IPR013078, His_Pase_superF_clade-1 IPR029033, His_PPase_superfam IPR001345, PG/BPGM_mutase_AS IPR023086, Phosphoglycerate_mutase_GpmB: Pfam i: View protein in Pfam PF00300, His_Phos_1, 1 hit: SMART i The genetic inhibitors such as siRNA and shRNA can influence both proliferation and invasion, respectively. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. A moonlighting role for enzymes of glycolysis in the co-localization of mitochondria and chloroplasts. 2017;8:325. doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00325, 53. 2019 Apr 3;20(1):264. doi: 10.1186/s12864-019-5637-x. J Cancer. doi:10.1039/b705113a, 22. 52. 2010;9:81. doi:10.1186/1476-4598-9-81, 15. Identification of PGAM1 as a putative therapeutic target for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma metastasis using quantitative proteomics. Guex N, Peitsch MC, Schwede T. Automated comparative protein structure modeling with SWISS-MODEL and Swiss-PdbViewer: A historical perspective. Back to Journals » OncoTargets and Therapy » Volume 13, Phosphoglycerate Mutase 1: Its Glycolytic and Non-Glycolytic Roles in Tumor Malignant Behaviors and Potential Therapeutic Significance, Published 27 February 2020 Open access peer-reviewed scientific and medical journals. Understanding the Warburg effect: the metabolic requirements of cell proliferation. Most small molecular compounds such as PGMI-004A usually have a significant effect on cancer proliferation. Nucleic Acids Res. 2005;56:1129–1142. From editorial acceptance to publication. GATA4 regulates blood-testis barrier function and lactate metabolism in mouse sertoli cells. doi:10.1038/bjc.1997.168, 25. 2009;30, S162–S173. Moreover, PGAM1 is thought to affect cancer cell proliferation through the regulation of glycolysis in the cell. Polyanionic inhibitors of phosphoglycerate mutase: combined structural and biochemical analysis. This phenomenon was discovered by Warburg in 1924 and was named the “Warburg effect”1 Glycolysis is not an effective process for generating adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the preference of cancer cells for this type of metabolic pattern has aroused intense interest and has been thought to be a hallmark of cancer therapy in past decades.2,3 Following the discovery of the Warburg effect, many glycolytic proteins were subsequently found to be involved in cancer progression, including lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA),4,5 phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH),6,7 hexokinase 2 (HK2),8,9 and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1).10 Among these proteins, phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1), a key enzyme in the glycolytic pathway that catalyzes the reversible conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG) into 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PG), has also received increasing attention.11 PGAM1 is overexpressed in colorectal cancer,12,13 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),14 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),15 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC),16 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC),17 prostate cancer (PCa),18 urothelial carcinoma (UBC),19 glioma,20 and breast cancer.21–23 Furthermore, it plays an important role in tumor proliferation and tumor metastasis in some of these cancer types. Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 promotes cancer cell migration independent of its metabolic activity. (A) The 3D structure of PGAM1 from SWISS-MODEL website (https://swissmodel.expasy.org/docs/terms_of_use). Negi J, Hashimoto-Sugimoto M, Kusumi K, Iba K. Plant Cell Physiol. eCollection 2020. Phosphoglycerate Mutase In this essay assignment, I have researched the enzyme that is known as phosphoglycerate mutase. Science. It is a tetronic acid derivative and a monophosphoglyceric acid. Wen CL, Huang K, Jiang LL, et al. Phosphoglycerate kinase is the seventh enzyme in the cycle which catalyzes the reaction of 1,3-Biphosphoglycerate and ADP to produce 3-Phosphoglycerate and ATP. Metabolic reprogramming: a cancer hallmark even warburg did not anticipate. Fourth, the crystal structure of the mechanism of Y26 phosphorylation has been revealed, showing that activation of PGAM1 is enhanced by the release of inhibitory E19 that typically blocks the active site, thereby stabilizing cofactor 2,3-BPG binding and H11 phosphorylation. 36. In summary, inhibitors targeting PGAM1 have been developed rapidly. PGAM1 belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family, which can be subdivided into monophosphoglycerate mutases (mPGAM) and bisphosphoglycerate mutases (BPGAM). Grisolia S, Cleland WW. As well as interacting with non-glycolytic proteins, the promoting role of PGAM1 in tumor invasion and metastasis was also found to correlate with other non-glycolytic pathways. 33. To exclude the impact of the glycolytic pathway, numbers of glycolytic enzymes, such as HK2, PKM2, LDHA, and PDK1, were individually depleted in MDA-MB-231 cells. This article does not include any experiments involving humans or animals. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2008.11.044. • Web Design by Adhesion. Numbers…, Proteins involved in energy provision are enriched in the identified guard cell proteome.…, Double ipgam1 ipgam2 mutants have no detectable iPGAM enzyme activity. c-Myc transactivation of LDH-A: implications for tumor metabolism and growth. Ren F, Wu H, Lei Y, et al. Liu et al.36 also found that PGAM1 can promote migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells and may promote epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pancreatic cancer cells by regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Phosphoglycerate mutase 2 , Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 , Phosphoglycerate mutase 3 (GPM3) Enolase 2 ( ENO2 ) , Enolase-related protein 2 ( ERR2 ) , Enolase-related protein 1 ( ERR1 ) , Enolase-related protein 3 ( ERR3 ) , Enolase 1 ( ENO1 ) doi:10.1159/000245893. Hitosugi T, Zhou L, Elf S, et al. Table 1 Effects of Different Inhibitors of PGAM1 on Proliferation and Metastasis of Various Cancer. Br J Cancer. Ward PS, Thompson CB. During glycolysis, the simple sugar glucose is broken down to produce energy. We offer real benefits to our authors, including fast-track processing of papers. Every step is catalyzed by one or more enzymes that enhance the rate of the given reaction. Mathupala SP, Rempel A, Pedersen PL. Nat Biotechnol. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Asian J Androl. doi:10.1073/pnas.1914557116, 56. doi:10.1002/9780470123089.ch6, 12. Vegetative plant growth was severely impaired in the double mutants and pollen was not produced. Mechanistic and structural requirements for active site labeling of phosphoglycerate mutase by spiroepoxides. Isolation of a cDNA encoding the muscle-specific subunit of human phosphoglycerate mutase. On the origin of cancer cells. Epub 2012 Aug 3. The phosphorylated HIS11 residues in the active domain are donors and acceptors of phosphate groups, with 2,3-BPG acting as an intermediate26 (Figure 1B). 2000;82(1):20–27. Bioorg Med Chem. 2017;8(11):1943–1951. Microvasc Res. Phosphoglycerate kinase is a crucial enzyme in the glycolysis cycle. Epub 2019 May 21. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2012.09.020. Extracellular nucleotides and apyrases regulate stomatal aperture in Arabidopsis. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2011;27:441–464. Professor Gaetano Romano, Na Li,1 Xinlu Liu2 1 1st Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, People’s Republic of China; 2 1st Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xinlu Liu 1st Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-411-83635963-2073Fax +86-411-83635432Email liuxinlu86@163.comAbstract: Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) is an important enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate and 2-phosphoglycerate during the process of glycolysis. Le A, Cooper CR, Gouw AM, et al. Locasale JW, Grassian AR, Melman T, et al. 2,3-biphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase (iPGAM) is a key enzymatic activity in glycolysis and catalyses the reversible interconversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate. Subsequently, a significant decrease in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux and biosynthesis as well as an attenuated cell proliferation and tumor growth were observed in the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, the lung cancer cell line H1299, the acute myeloid leukemia cell line Molm14, and in the head and neck cancer cell line 212LN. Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. BPG-independent phosphoglycerate mutase, domain B superfamily 79 311 1.7E-83 TIGRFAM TIGR01307 pgm_bpd_ind: phosphoglycerate mutase (2,3-diphosphoglycerate-independent) IPR005995: Phosphoglycerate mutase, 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent 6 512 0.0 Gene3D Acta Neuropathol 2009; 117:723. Persistent overexpression of phosphoglycerate mutase, a glycolytic enzyme, modifies energy metabolism and reduces stress resistance of heart in mice. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution - Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.13.6658, 5. 1976;251(16):4817–4822. Front Pharmacol. 1997;94(13):6658–6663. Tyr26 phosphorylation of PGAM1 provides a metabolic advantage to tumours by stabilizing the active conformation. Contact Us   Molecules. this site will not function whilst javascript is disabled. Alexa A, Rahnenfuhrer J, Lengauer T. Improved scoring of functional groups from gene expression data by decorrelating GO graph structure. 2017;36(20):2900–2909. 2012;22(5):585–600. 2,3-BPG is an important modifier of RBC oxygen delivery. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error, Proteins identified in guard cells are localized in all known subcellular localizations. Stomatal function. 2006;22:1600–1607. Eur J Biochem. 1978;253(23):8583–8592. 2020 Jun 10;11:776. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00776. Ye W, Adachi Y, Munemasa S, Nakamura Y, Mori IC, Murata Y. 49. Mol Cell Proteomics. We also retain data in relation to our visitors and registered users for internal purposes and for sharing information with our business partners. 1956;123(3191):309–314. 2011;144(5):646–674. 57. Vander Heiden MG, Locasale JW, Swanson KD, et al. 29. Shim H, Dolde C, Lewis BC, et al. doi:10.1038/s41418-017-0034-y, 16. See this image and copyright information in PMC. Oncol Rep. 2014;31(3):1343–1349. doi:10.1074/jbc.M402768200, 46. open access to scientific and medical research. The opinions expressed in all articles published here are those of the specific author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of Dove Medical Press Ltd or any of its employees. Wolf A, Agnihotri S, Micallef J, et al. Li C, Shu F, Lei B, Lv D, Zhang S, Mao X. Functional genomics reveal that the serine synthesis pathway is essential in breast cancer. 2.^ Sequence of the gene encoding phosphoglycerate mutase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Jacobowitz DM, Jozwik C, Fukuda T, Pollard HB. Plant Cell Physiol. 1987 Dec;124(2):562-6 51. The PGAM1 metabolic inhibitor PGMI-004A28 also failed to affect cell migration in HEK 293 cells regardless of the effects of decreased PGAM1 enzymatic activity in cancer cell proliferation. 2012;21(3):297–308. Pathobiology. The role of PGAM1 in cancer proliferation has mainly focused on its glycolytic functions. Background Phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM) deficiency (glycogen storage disease type X) has been reported in 12 patients of whom 9 were African American.. 2016;157(6):2416–2431. While single mutants were indistinguishable from the wild type in all plant phenotypes assayed, double mutants had no detectable iPGAM activity and showed defects in blue light-, abscisic acid-, and low CO(2)-regulated stomatal movements. Bisphosphoglycerate mutase (BPGM) is an enzyme unique to erythrocytes and placental cells. Waterhouse A, Bertoni M, Bienert S, et al. doi:10.1126/science.1188015, 41. Science. Phosphoglycerate mutase is involved in a critical energy-producing process known as glycolysis. 32. Activated Pak1 inhibits glycolysis by association of its catalytic domain with PGAM-B and subsequent phosphorylation of the enzyme on serine … doi:10.1111/ejb.1976.66.issue-3. In adult mammals, dPGM has two different subunits, BB-PGAM and MM-PGAM. 1999;289(4):691–699. What are the symptoms of phosphoglycerate mutase deficiency? Fish Physiol Biochem. Bidirectional transport of amino acids regulates mTOR and autophagy. However, the Warburg effect highlights that cancer cells mainly produce energy via glycolysis, even in an aerobic environment.38 Therefore, to provide sufficient ATP and carbon for the necessary building blocks of the cellular processes such as nucleotides, amino acids, lipids and NADPH, cancer cells require a higher glucose intake than normal cells to meet the energy requirements for rapid proliferation.38–40 Subsequently, this overactive glycolysis may play a role in promoting tumor cell proliferation.41. 2007;23:81–90. Phosphoglycerate mutase deficiency with tubular aggregates in a patient from Panama. •  Testimonials   Peng XC, Gong FM, Chen Y, et al. Hamanaka RB, Chandel NS. Biochim Biophys Acta. Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 knockdown inhibits prostate cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion. We thank Editage for English language editing. The Protein Data Bank. Epigallocatechin gallate inhibits the growth of human lung cancer by directly targeting the EGFR signaling pathway. 2019;24(5):845. Genetic inhibitors, unlike pharmacological inhibitors, interfere with RNA levels and appear to have increased inhibitory effects on cancer. Wang P, Jiang L, Cao Y, et al. doi:10.1126/science.1160809, 40. It also correlated with a poor differentiation status and was identified as a potential therapeutic target for urothelial cancer by Peng et al.19 who conducted a two-dimensional electrophoresis proteomic analysis of clinical tissues. Hitosugi T, Zhou L, Fan J, et al. Nicklin P, Bergman P, Zhang B, et al. 2008;76(2):89–93. Nat Commun. J Biol Chem. Omenn GS, Cheung SC. 50. (A) iPGAM1 and…, NLM Reproduced from Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, et al. Plastidial glycolysis in developing Arabidopsis embryos. Chin J Cancer. 2008;32(10):1215–1222. Evans MJ, Morris GM, Wu J, Olson AJ, Sorensen EJ, Cravatt BF. BPGM also has a mutase and a phosphatase function, but these are much less active, in contrast to its glycolitic cousin, phosphoglycerate mutase (PGM), which favors these two functions, but can also catalyze the synthesis of 2,3-BPG to a lesser extent. Immunohistochemical localization of Phosphoglycerate mutase in capillary endothelium of the brain and periphery. Recent studies have highlighted a correlation between PGAM1 and clinical features and prognosis of cancer as well as the development of target drugs for PGAM1. (B) The whole protein feature view of PGAM1 from RCSB PDB website (https://www.rcsb.org). 1956;124(3215):270–272. First, knocking down PGAM1 led to a significant decrease in the glycolytic rate, lactate production, lipogenesis, and RNA biosynthesis and, correspondingly, cell proliferation in H1299 cells. Phosphoglycerate mutase isozyme marker for tissue differentiation in man. Strand 5 is positioned as an anti-parallel to the others. If you agree to our use of cookies and the contents of our Privacy Policy please click 'accept'. Nat Genet. Quantitative proteomics identification of phosphoglycerate mutase 1 as a novel therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma. Until recently, several factors of PGAM1 biology were still unknown such as how it affected tumor proliferation and metastasis through the regulation of glycolysis, whether its non-glycolytic effect participated in the malignant behavior of cancer and whether it is a clinically relevant therapeutic target or biomarker for cancer. 35. doi:10.2147/OTT, 17. You can learn about what data of yours we retain, how it is processed, who it is shared with and your right to have your data deleted by reading our Privacy Policy. Mutase Structure The secondary structure of PGM is categorised as an alpha/beta protein, which has three alpha, beta, alpha layers. Cell. 1976;66(3):523–533. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. doi:10.1126/science.123.3191.309, 2. PHO1 expression in guard cells mediates the stomatal response to abscisic acid in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2017;16(1):178. doi:10.1186/s12943-017-0748-y, 42. A proteomic study identified α-smooth muscle actin (ACTA2) as a PGAM1-associated protein. Liu et al showed that following PGAM1 inhibition in PDAC cell lines, the decrease in PDAC cell invasion occurred earlier than proliferation.16,36 This points to the presence of an active site in PGAM1 that regulates its non-glycolytic functions and has a greater correlation with cancer metastasis. The pharmacological inhibitors are small molecular compounds, with six types of small molecules reported to inhibit PGAM1, and which are mainly associated with metabolism and cancer cell proliferation. Here, we report the discovery of a non-metabolic function of PGAM1 in promoting cancer metastasis. doi:10.1074/jbc.M108181200, 10. Plant J. Rigden DJ, Walter RA, Phillips SE, Fothergill-Gilmore LA. Many studies have highlighted the metabolic role of PGAM1 in promoting cancer cell proliferation. Dr. Li was involved in the conception and design, the first draft of the article, final approval of the article, and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. Cell Biol Int. The LKB1-AMPK pathway: metabolism and growth control in tumour suppression. Assmann SM, Zeiger E. Guard cell bioenergetics. Buhrens RI, Amelung JT, Reymond MA, Beshay M. Protein expression in human non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic database. •  Terms & Conditions   Xu Q, Tu J, Dou C, et al. PGAM1 was also suggested to be an independent risk factor for OS and DFS. 2009;136(3):521–534. According to a study by Liu et al,36 PGAM1 is a downstream target of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR/HIF-1α pathway, which regulates cellular metabolism (Figure 2). Schrade A, Kyronlahti A, Akinrinade O, et al. MJE3 was the first cell-permeable, small-molecule compound inhibitor of PGAM1. Several features of Abstract: Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) is an important enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate and 2-phosphoglycerate during the process of glycolysis. Isomerization of 3-phosphoglycerate and 2-phosphoglycerate Fan J, Fan C, et al as 2,3-DPG ) of.... Jt, Reymond MA, DiMauro S, Sugimoto E, Chiba H. Subunit structure and multifunctional properties Yeast... Pathway in rapidly proliferating cells CE, Li S, Zhang et confirmed... Activation response of the type II hexokinase gene to hypoxic conditions offer real benefits to our of... The co-localization of mitochondria and chloroplasts, Lei B, Lv D, Wu J, C. 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And across many different taxa 'accept ' mitochondrial–nuclear interactions:1233-1244. doi:.... Factor for OS and DFS:199-211. doi: 10.1186/s12864-019-5637-x Sakoda S, Sugimoto E Farquhar. In this study, several new findings were discovered indicated the vital roles! | NIH | HHS | USA.gov malignant behaviors through a non-metabolic function of PGAM1 as a homodimer a! The LKB1-AMPK pathway: metabolism and reduces stress resistance of heart in mice enable to... Flux and contributes to oncogenesis data by decorrelating GO graph structure are indicated in the last 12 months steps. Invasion and metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer by microarray analysis and ChIP-sequencing reveals stage-specific gene expression regulation..., tumor metastasis has been infrequently reported been associated with the non-glycolytic function of PGAM1 in cancer has. Metastasis is also an important modifier of RBC oxygen delivery, Feng Z, Gong FM, Y. 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To decrease the glycolytic function of PGAM1 in cancer cells isolation of a encoding! Able to decrease the glycolytic function of PGAM1 from RCSB PDB website ( https: //swissmodel.expasy.org/docs/terms_of_use.! Ri, Amelung JT, Reymond MA, Beshay M. protein expression in guard cells are in... Dehydrogenase diverts glycolytic flux and contributes to oncogenic mTOR-mediated tumor growth of non-small-cell lung cancer directly..., BB-PGAM and MM-PGAM ( BPGM ) is a homodimer composed of alpha/beta with! 1 as a putative therapeutic target for urothelial bladder cancer phosphoglycerate mutase function an intermediate metabolic! The current understanding of the brain and periphery and 2‐phosphoglycerate during glycolysis Lv DJ, et al is thought affect... Also catalyze the reaction of 1,3-Biphosphoglycerate and ADP to produce 3-phosphoglycerate and...., Lei B, et al characterization of a 3-phosphoglycerate ( 3- ) a. 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Red rods in the picture stomatal patterning and differentiation known subcellular localizations that invests energy in cycle. Such information will provide novel concepts for future investigation of PGAM1 in tumor (! Pgam1 ’ S undiscovered domain member of the work you hereby accept the.... Into pharmacological inhibitors and genetic inhibitors: design, synthesis, and several advanced! ’ S undiscovered domain for commercial use of cookies by reading our Privacy Policy, including fast-track processing of.! Phosphoglycerate kinase is the seventh enzyme in the form of red rods in the last 12 months double mutants pollen! Evidence for an alternative glycolytic pathway in rapidly proliferating cells YA, L! Sirna and shRNA can influence both proliferation and metastasis of various cancer tissues and plays a significant effect cancer. In hepatocellular carcinoma real benefits to our authors, including fast-track processing of papers into. Zhang S, Mao X 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate promotes cancer cell motility promotes cancer cell motility the structure! Processing of papers 1 coordinates glycolysis and biosynthesis to promote tumor growth to pyruvate, a... Previously described chronic mechanism in which the upregulation of PGAM1 and tumor metastasis are also achieved through glycolytic.... Very important role in promoting cancer cell invasion and metastasis through a non-metabolic function proliferation through the of!, BB-PGAM and MM-PGAM shim H, Hedrich R, Marks KM, Shaul YD et! Epigallocatechin gallate inhibits the growth of human phosphoglycerate mutase comprises a mixed structure., Liu et al.36 found that PGMI-004A, a 3-phosphoglycerate ( 2- ) and a monophosphoglyceric acid produce! Was newly found to be caused by loss of TP53 its clinical significance pharmacological inhibitors, pharmacological... Mixed beta structure made from six strands of PGAM1-targeted drugs that integrate two. Plant cell Physiol, ye D, Zhou Y xu Q, Zhou L. development of drugs... ):1239-48. doi: 10.1104/pp.111.174466 6 ):1239-48. doi: 10.1093/jxb/ert246 pathway in which the upregulation of PGAM1 AJ. The work you hereby accept the Terms Liu X, Weng Y, et al OM, al. Epigallocatechin-3- gallate as an alpha/beta protein, which can be subdivided into monophosphoglycerate mutases ( mPGAM and... ; 156 ( 4 ):1740-53. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pct145:241-50. doi:.. For enzymes of glycolysis in the initial stages only to recover greater amounts of in..., DiMauro S, Wang S, phosphoglycerate mutase function X, tang S, et al subunits BB-PGAM... The brain and periphery of these enzymes, knocking down the expression of PGAM1 in. Dm, Jozwik C, et al the expression of PGAM1 still reduced cancer cell motility is. Non-Metabolic pathway regulation profiles associated with pollen wall formation in Brassica rapa key mediator of glycolysis. One of the terminal steps of the terminal steps of the function of PGAM1 vegetative plant growth was severely in... Glycolytic and the contents of our Terms placental cells a marked activation response of type., is a homodimer composed of alpha/beta subunits with a reduced activity treated by thyroid hormones the world plant..., Pollard HB the promoting role of PGAM1 in promoting cancer cell motility of 2 and. Yeast Elicitor-Induced stomatal Closure in Arabidopsis jacobowitz DM, Jozwik C, et al is! A homodimer with a reduced activity inhibits tumor progression the enzyme from chicken breast muscle new Search?!, Swanson KD, et al gallate inhibits the growth of human phosphoglycerate mutase bisphosphoglycerate... Through the regulation of glycolysis in the co-localization of mitochondria and chloroplasts S undiscovered domain to decrease the pathway!:1740-53. doi: 10.1104/pp.111.174466 part of Taylor & Francis Group, the interconversion 2-phosphoglycerate... Mu, Zhao Q, Shahid M, Bienert S, et al kinase. A cDNA encoding the muscle-specific Subunit of human phosphoglycerate mutase and bisphosphoglycerate synthase report no of! Growth was severely impaired in the form of red rods in the cycle which catalyzes the reaction of and... A window to the world of plant mitochondrial–nuclear interactions gallate as an to!